The long-lasted Oyo empire had reached its apogee at the beginning of the 19th century to the extent that its government was not possible to control. And there were constitutional crises in that the various components of the empire became alienated from one another.
Moreover, Oyo Empire lacked a standing army at the central unit. There was also a shift of trade from the North to the coast and that affected the economy of the old Oyo empire.
However, irrespective of the above problems which Oyo as an empire encountered, Kakanfo Afonja and the Fulanis maltreated him and his people. And as a result, the inhabitants of Oyo ran helter-skelter for their dear lives.
Meanwhile, the Oyo Empire, which was one of the outstanding empires witnessed a turning point.