Some of the factors that contributed to the emergence of the Kanem-Borno Empire are as follows:
- The empire had very powerful kings (mais), who wielded absolute control over their subjects.
- The empire through their powerful mais established a very strong military which helped to enforce their decisions.
- The introduction of Islam as religion into the empire also helped in the territorial expansion of the area.
- The geographical position of the empire also contributed to her strength and growth.