1. Fundamental Rights: Every state or country must ensure that its government makes provision for fundamental human rights to be enjoyed by its citizens and which must be enshrined in the constitution of that state or country and respected as well.
2. Supremacy of the Constitution Every state must also ensure that it has laid down rules and regulations that will help to regulate the conduct of its citizens and such rules and regulations must be supreme.
3. Independence of the Judiciary: For a state or country to ensure that the liberty of its citizens are safeguarded, the government of the state or country must ensure that the judiciary is independent, that is, the judiciary must be free to operate without interference from other arms of government such as the executive and legislature.
4. External Vigilance and Defense of Human Rights: To ensure that the liberties of citizens are safeguarded, the citizens must be conscious and jealous custodians of their rights. The citizens must be ready at all times to defend their fundamental rights,
5. Rule of Law: To ensure that the liberties of citizens are safeguarded, the government of the state or country must obey the basic tenets of rule of law, which advocates equality of all men, irrespective of their social status, impartial administration of justice, promotion of democracy, separation of powers and the doctrine of checks and balances,
6. Separation of Powers: For a state or country to ensure that the liberty of its citizens is safeguarded, the government of the state or country must ensure that there is a complete separation of powers among the three arms of government.
7. Democracy Entrenchment: For citizens to enjoy maximum liberty, the government of the people, by the people and for the people must be established that supports, protects and preserves citizens’ fundamental rights.