This is the type of constitution in which all powers and authorities in a country are vested in the central government. This one level of government does not share powers with any other body. Other powers and functions within the state are mainly delegatory. Examples of countries with this type of constitution are Britain, France, Belgium, Italy, Gambia etc.
Advantages of Unitary Constitution
1. The constitution is easily amended.
2. It creates room for uniformity of nationwide policies.
3. It is less expensive to run.
4. It provides for a strong and stable government at the centre.
5. Fear of secession is completely eliminated by the provisions of the constitution.
6. There is an absence of conflict of authority and rivalry among the groups in the country.
7. It promotes quick decision-making and also saves time.
8. It grants an undivided loyalty to the central authority/government.
9. It encourages unity in the country.
Disadvantages of Unitary Constitution
1. Unitary constitution creates room for the domination of minorities by the majority.
2. It does not encourage grass-root political participation in the affairs of government.
3. It creates room for the emergence of dictatorship since power is concentrated in a single central authority.
4. Those in power sometimes manipulate the constitution in order to suit them.
5. The local units do not enjoy any autonomy as the central government always interferes with their local affairs.
6. The central government is usually overburdened with matters of local concern, which sometimes lead to delays in resolving local problems.