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Classification of Alkanols — Chemistry Keypoint

Classification of Alkanols

Classification based on number of hydroxyl (OH) present.

(1) Monohydric – It has only one OH – group attached to it.

Ethanol
Ethanol

(2) Dihydric – It has two OH – groups attached to it.

 Ethan – 2 – diol
Ethan – 2 – diol

(3) Trihydric – It has three OH – group attached to it.

Propan - 1, - 2, - 3, - triol
Propan – 1, – 2, – 3, – triol

Classification based on the position of the OH – group (mainly for monohydric)

(1) Primary Alkanol – Here, the carbon atom that bears the OH – group contains two hydrogen atoms.

Propanol
Propanol

(2) Secondary Alkanol – The carbon atom that bears the OH – group contains one hydrogen atoms only.

Propan - 2 - ol
Propan – 2 – ol

(3) Tertiary Alkanol – The carbon atom that bears the OH – group has no hydrogen atom attached to it.

2 - Methyl propan - 2 ol
2 – Methyl propan – 2 ol

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