Chemistry

It is of two types, the alkanal with functional group – CHO and alkanone with functional group C = O.  

These are substances, which have the competence to clean an object. It can be soapy or soapless detergents. Soapy detergents – These are sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids. They are good cleansing agents in soft water but forms scum in hard water. NB– Since soap is biodegradable, it causes no pollution. It forms …

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The paper test – A drop of oil or melted fat on a piece of filter paper forms translucence. Sudan III Solution – When mixed with a few drops of Sudan III solution, the oil is stained red.

1. Saponification – It is the alkaline hydrolysis of fats and oil. 2. Hydrogenation of Oils – It is the process of adding hydrogen to the oils so as to harden them. It occurs in the presence of finely divided nickel.

FATS OILS They exist as solid They exist as a liquid They are made up of a higher proportion of esters of saturated fatty acids. They are made up of a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids. They have a higher melting point They have a lower melting point.

FATS AND OILS: They belong to a family of compounds called lipids. Fats exist as solid while oils exist as a liquid. Both of them are esters of the trihydric alkanol.